Italy - Order of Battle - Big Pigeon in Southwest Iowa

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bigpigeon.us webpage WWII Germany > The MTO > Italy - Order of Battle, © 2025 by Robert A. Christiansen, updated by RAC 16 Jun 2025

This is the organizational context for the major ground combat operations in Italy in 1943-45.
It has not been checked for completeness.

Concordance between the Italian campaigns and their treatment in Big Pigeon

The six official US ground campaigns in Italy:

1 - Sicily: 9 July–17 August 1943, the Allied invasion and liberation of the Italian island of Sicily

2 - Naples-Foggia: 9 September 1943–21 January 1944, from the Allied landings on the Italian mainland at Salerno to the arrival at the Gustav Line in the Cassino area

3 - Anzio: 22 January–24 May 1944, the landing and protracted battles at Anzio

4 - Rome–Arno: 22 January–9 September 1944, from the Gustav Line battles near Cassino through Rome to the arrival at the Gothic Line north of the Arno River

5 - Northern Apennines: 10 September 1944–4 April 1945, the Gothic Line battles in or near the northern Apennine Mountains

6 - Po Valley: 5 April–8 May 1945, the 1945 Allied spring offensive into the plains of northern Italy

Coverage in Big Pigeon's WWII > The MTO:

Sicily to Naples > Sicily

Sicily to Naples > Salerno-Naples-Foggia
Naples to Rome > The Volturno Line
Naples to Rome > The Bernhardt Line

Naples to Rome > Anzio

Naples to Rome > The Gustav Line/Cassino #1
Naples to Rome > Cassino #2 and #3
Naples to Rome > Cassino to Rome
Beyond Rome > Rome to Florence

Beyond Rome > Northern Apennines

Beyond Rome > Po Valley

As shown in the above concordance, I have broken the Naples-Foggia campaign into three phases and the Rome-Arno campaign into four phases.

The Italian Campaigns - The Allied Divisions

United States Divisions:

1st Infantry Division (Allen until 7 August 1943, then Huebner) - assaulted Sicily from Tunisia 10 July 1943; Sicily campaign; to the United Kingdom November 1943 to prepare for ETO operations
3rd Infantry Division - (Truscott until February 1944, then O'Daniel) - assaulted Sicily from Tunisia 10 July 1943; Sicily, Naples-Foggia, Anzio, Rome-Arno campaigns; to Southern France August 1944 to join the ETO
9th Infantry Division (Eddy) - arrived Sicily from Tunisia 1 August 1943; Sicily campaign; to the United Kingdom November 1943 to prepare for ETO operations
10th Mountain Infantry Division (Hays) - arrived Italy from the US December 1944; Northern Apennines, Po Valley campaigns
34th Infantry Division (Ryder until 21 July 1944, then Bolte) - arrived Salerno from Tunisia 21–25 September 1943; Naples-Foggia, Anzio, Rome-Arno, Northern Apennines, Po Valley campaigns
36th Infantry Division (Walker) - assaulted Salerno from Morocco 9 September 1943; Naples-Foggia, Anzio, Rome-Arno campaigns; to Southern France August 1944 to join the ETO
45th Infantry Division (Middleton until 22 November 1943, then Eagles) - assaulted Sicily from the US via North Africa 10 July 1943; assaulted Salerno 10 September 1944; Sicily, Naples-Foggia, Anzio, Rome-Arno campaigns; to Southern France August 1944 to join the ETO
82nd Airborne Infantry Division (Ridgway) - assaulted Sicily from Morocco 10 July 1943; arrived Salerno 13 September 1943; Sicily, Naples-Foggia campaigns; to the United Kingdom December 1943 to prepare for ETO operations leaving 504th Airborne Infantry Regiment behind
85th Infantry Division (Coulter) - arrived Naples, Italy from North Africa 27 March 1944; Rome-Arno, Northern Apennines, Po Valley campaigns
88th Infantry Division (Sloan) - arrived Naples, Italy from Algeria 6 February–21 April 1944; Rome-Arno, Northern Apennines, Po Valley campaigns
91st Infantry Division (Livesay) - arrived Italy from North Africa 19 June 1944; Rome-Arno, Northern Apennines, Po Valley campaigns
92nd Infantry Division (Almond) - arrived Italy from the US 16 October 1944; Northern Apennines, Po Valley campaigns
1st Armored Division (Harmon until 17 July 1944, then Pritchard) - arrived Naples, Italy from Morocco 28 October 1943; Naples-Foggia, Anzio, Rome-Arno, Northern Apennines, Po Valley campaigns
2nd Armored Division (Gaffey) - assaulted Sicily from Morocco 10 July 1943; to the United Kingdom November 1943 to prepare for ETO operations

British Divisions:

1st Infantry Division (Penney until 14 June 1944, then Loewen) - arrived Italy from Pantelleria Island 7 December 1943, to Palestine February 1945
4th Infantry Division (Ward) - arrived Italy from Egypt February 1944; to Greece December 1944
5th Infantry Division (Berney-Ficklin until 3 August 1943, then Bucknall until 22 January 1944, then Gregson-Ellis until 24 November 1944, then Hull) - assaulted Sicily from Egypt 10 July 1943; assaulted Italy at Straits of Messina 3 September 1943, to XXX Corps in ETO March 1945
46th Infantry Division (Freeman-Attwood until 25 August 1943, then Hawkesworth until 16 November 1944, then Weir) - assaulted Salerno, Italy from Tunisia 9 September 1943; to Greece beginning December 1944, returned to Italy April 1945
50th Infantry Division (Kirkman) - assaulted Sicily from Tunisia 10 July 1943; to the United Kingdom to prepare for ETO operations
51st Infantry Division (Wimberley) - assaulted Sicily from Algeria via Malta 10 July 1943; to the United Kingdom to prepare for ETO operations
56th Infantry Division (Graham until October 1943, then Templer) - assaulted Salerno, Italy from Libya 9 September 1943; in Egypt for refitting March–July 1944
78th Infantry Division (Evelegh until 13 December 1943, then Keighley until 21 August 1944, then Butterworth until 10 October 1944, then Arbuthnott) - arrived Sicily from North Africa July 1943
1st Airbourne Division (Hopkinson) - assaulted Sicily 10 July 1943; arrived Taranto 9 September 1943; returned to England December 1943 leaving 2nd Parachute Brigade behind
1st Armoured Division (Hull) - arrived Italy beginning May 1944; disbanded beginning October 1944
6th Armoured Division (Evelegh until 24 July 1944, then Templer) - arrived Italy 18 March 1944
7th Armoured Division (Erksine) - arrived Italy from Syria September 1943; to the United Kingdom December 1943 to prepare for ETO operations

French Divisions:

2nd Moroccan Infantry Division (Dody) - arrived Italy from Morocco via Tunisia late November 1943; entered combat December 1943; to southern France August 1944 to join the ETO
3rd Algerian Infantry Division (de Monsabert) - arrived Italy from Algeria December 1943; to southern France August 1944 to join the ETO
4th Moroccan Mountain Division (Sevez) - arrived Italy February 1944 from Morocco via Algeria and Corsica February 1944; to southern France September 1944 to join the ETO
1st Free French Division (Brosset) - arrived Italy April 1944; to southern France August 1944 to join the ETO

Indian Divisions:

4th Indian Division (Tuker/Dimoline/Galloway, then Holworthy from late March 1944) - arrived Italy from North Africa 7 December 1943; to Greece December 1944
8th Indian Division (Russell) - arrived Italy from Syria via Egypt 24 September 1943
10th Indian Division (Whitehorn) - arrived Taranto, Italy 27-28 March 1944

Canadian Divisions:

1st Canadian Infantry Division (Simonds until 1 November 1943, then Vokes until 1 December 1943, then Foster) - assaulted Sicily from the United Kingdom 10 July 1943; assaulted Italy at Straits of Messina 3 August 1943; to the ETO February–April 1945
5th Canadian Armoured Division (Simonds until January 1944, then Burns until March 1944, then Hoffmeister) - arrived Italy from the United Kingdom November 1943; to the ETO February–April 1945

Polish Divisions:

3rd Carpathian Rifle Division (Kopanski until July 1943, then Duch) - arrived Italy from Palestine early 1944
5th Kresowa Infantry Division (Sulik) - arrived Italy from Palestine early 1944

Division-sized contributions from other nations:

2nd New Zealand Division (Freyberg) - arrived Taranto, Italy from Tunisia/Egypt? October 1943
6th South African Armoured Division (Poole) - arrived Taranto, Italy from Egypt 16 April 1944
Brazilian Expeditionary Force (de Morais) - arrived Italy beginning July 1944

The Italian Campaigns - Independent Brigade or Regiment-Sized Units

United States:

1st, 3rd, and 4th Ranger Battalions - destroyed at Battle of Cisterna in Anzio
Task Force 45 - infantry unit manned with former members of anti-aircraft battalions
504th Airborne Regiment - Devils in Baggy Pants
442nd Combat Infantry Regiment and 100th Infantry Battalion - Japanese-Americans

United States and Canada:

1st Special Services Force - The Devil's Brigade

Italy:

Italian Liberation Force
Combat Group Cremona
Combat Group Folgore
Combat Group Friuli
Combat Group Legnano
28th Brigade "Giribaldi"

Great Britain:

British 231st Infantry Brigade Group - Salerno
British 7th Armoured Brigade
British 9th Armoured Brigade
British 21st Tank Brigade
British 2nd Commando Brigade
British 2nd Parachute Brigade

France:

Canada:

1st Canadian Armoured Brigade

Poland:

2nd Polish Armoured Brigade

Greece:

3rd Greek Mountain Brigade

Palestine:

Jewish Brigade

The Italian Campaigns - The Allied Armies and Corps

The Allied Army Group

15th Army Group (Alexander until 16 December 1944, then Clark) - sometimes went by different names

The Allied Armies

US Seventh Army (Patton) - created from US I Armored Corps based in Morocco; Sicily Campaign; then Southern France Campaign beginning August 1944; then part of ETO
US Fifth Army (Clark until 16 December 1944, then Truscott) - Italian mainland campaigns
British Eighth Army (Montgomery until January 1944, then Leese until 1 October 1944, then McCreery) - Sicily and Italian mainland campaigns; veteran army from earlier campaigns in Libya, Egypt and Tunisia

The Allied Corps

US II Corps (Bradley until September 1943, then Keyes) - Sicily Campaign beginning July 1943; then Italian mainland beginning November 1943
US Provisional Corps (Keyes) - created 15 July 1943; Sicily Campaign only
US VI Corps (Dawley until 21 September 1943, then Lucas until 23 February 1944, then Truscott) - assaulted Salerno, Italy September 1943; assaulted Anzio, Italy January 1944; assaulted southern France August 1944
US IV Corps (Crittenberger) - entered combat Italy summer 1944
British X Corps (McCreery until 6 November 1944, then Hawkesworth) - US Fifth Army left wing September 1943–March? 1944; then British Eighth Army; in Greece late 1944–March 1945; then in Italy in reserve with British Eighth Army
British XIII Corps (Dempsey until December 1943, then Kirkman until 25 January 1945 or March 1945, then Harding) - US Fifth Army right wing August 1944–18 January 1945; otherwise with British Eighth Army
British V Corps (Allfrey until 8 August 1944, then Keightley) - often along the Adriatic sector and under control of Fifteenth Army Group
British XXX Corps (Leese) - Sicily Campaign beginning July 1943; then to England
Polish II Corps (Anders) - to Italy from Palestine and Egypt beginning December 1943
Canadian I Corps (Crerar until March 1944, then Burns until 10 November 1944, then Foulkes) - operational Italy November 1943; to the ETO February–April 1945
French Expeditionary Corps (Juin) - operational Italy 3 January 1944; entered combat January 1944 on right wing of US Fifth Army; constituents to southern France August 1944 as First French Army
New Zealand Corps (Freyberg) - created 3 February 1944, assigned to US Fifth Army, disbanded 26 March 1944

What follows is my work area. As segments are completed, I move them to the appropriate webpage.

1 - Operation Husky, the Sicily Campaign,15th Army Group (Alexander)
9 July–17 August 1943
Current version is in WWII Germany > The MTO > Italy > Sicily

◼ US Seventh Army (Patton)
Under direct US Seventh Army control:

US 82nd Airborne Division - from US II Corps 13 August 1943

⏶ US II Corps

US 1st Infantry Division - assaulted east of Gela, Sicily 10 July 1943; sent to England after the Sicily Campaign
US 9th Infantry Division - units attached to 1st Infantry Division; replaced US 1st Infantry Division 7 August 1943; sent to England after the Sicily Campaign
US 45th Infantry Division - east wing of US assault 10 July 1943
US 82nd Airborne Division - air assault east of Gela, Sicily 10 July 1943; to US Seventh Army 13 August 1943

⏶ US Provisional Corps

US 2nd Armored Division - from Oran, Algeria; sent to England after the Sicily Campaign
US 3rd Infantry Division - assaulted west of Gela, Sicily 10 July 1943

◼ British Eighth Army (Montgomery)
Under direct British Eighth Army control:

British 46th Infantry Division

⏶ British XIII Corps

British 5th Infantry Division
British 78th Infantry Division
British 1st Airborne Division - did not participate as a unit

⏶ British XXX Corps - sent to England after the Sicily Campaign

1st Canadian Infantry Division - to British XIII Corps after the Sicily Campaign
British 50th Infantry Division - sent to England after the Sicily Campaign
British 51st Infantry Division - sent to England after the Sicily Campaign

2a - Naples-Foggia Campaign - through the capture of Naples, 15th Army Group (Alexander)
9 September–1 October 1943
Current version is in WWII Germany > The MTO > Italy > Salerno/Naples/Foggia

The context:
In addition to Operation Avalanche, the code name for the major Allied landing on the Italian mainland by the Fifth Army at Salerno south of Naples on 9 September 1943, the British Eighth Army made two landings further south on the Italian boot.

3 September 1943, Operation Baytown, landings across the Straits of Messina by British XIII Corps.
9 September 1943, Operation Slapstick, sea landing at Taranto by British 1st Airborne Division.

The US Fifth Army and British Eighth Army joined at Salerno on 18 September 1943 and together began the long drive up the Italian peninsula, always with the Fifth Army as the left wing, and the Eighth Army as the right wing.

◼ US Fifth Army (Clark)
⏶ British X Corps - assaulted Salerno, Italy 9 September 1943 as US Fifth Army's left wing

British 46th Infantry Division - assaulted Salerno 9 September 1943
British 56th Infantry Division - from Libya; assaulted Salerno 9 September 1943
British 7th Armoured Division - began landing at Salerno 15 September 1943

⏶ US VI Corps - assaulted Salerno 9 September 1943 as Fifth Army's right wing

US 36th Infantry Division - assaulted Salerno 9 September 1943
US 45th Infantry Division - from US; to US VI Corps 14 August 1943; assaulted Salerno 9 September 1943
US 3rd Infantry Division - arrived Salerno 18 September 1943
US 34th Infantry Division - finished arriving Salerno 25 September 1943

◼ British Eighth Army (Montgomery)
⏶ British XIII Corps

British 5th Infantry Division - left wing of 3 September 1943 Operation Baytown landings
1st Canadian Infantry Division - right wing of 3 September 1943 Operation Baytown landings

⏶ British V Corps - arrived Taranto, Italy 18 September 1943

British 1st Airbourne Division - arrived Taranto, Italy 9 September 1943; returned to England October 1943
British 78th Infantry Division - arrived Bari, Italy beginning 22 September 1943
8th Indian Infantry Division - arrived Taranto, Italy beginning 23 September 1943

2b - Naples-Foggia Campaign - to the Gustav Line, 15th Army Group (Alexander)
2 October 1943–21 January 1944

◼ US Fifth Army (Clark)
⏶ British X Corps

British 46th Infantry Division
British 56th Infantry Division
British 7th Armoured Division - sent to Scotland late December 1943
British 5th Infantry Division - from British XIII Corps early January 1944

⏶ US VI Corps - relieved to prepare for Anzio 3 January 1944

US 36th Infantry Division - to US II Corps 18 November 1943
US 45th Infantry Division
US 3rd Infantry Division - to US II Corps 18 November 1943; to US VI Corps 27 December 1943
US 34th Infantry Division - to US II Corps 30 December 1943

⏶ US II Corps - entered line between British X Corps and US VI Corps mid-November 1943

US 1st Armored Division - finished landing Naples, Italy 28 October 1943
US 3rd Infantry Division - from US VI Corps 18 November 1943
US 36th Infantry Division - from US VI Corps 18 November 1943
US 34th Infantry Division - from US VI Corps 30 December1943

◼ British Eighth Army (Montgomery)
Under direct British Eighth Army control

2nd New Zealand Division - arrived Taranto, Italy from Egypt October 1943; to British V Corps November 1943
4th Indian Infantry Division - arrived Italy from North Africa 7 December 1943; to British XIII Corps 9 January 1944

⏶ British XIII Corps

British 5th Infantry Division - to British X Corps January 1944
1st Canadian Infantry Division - to British V Corps November 1943???
2nd New Zealand Division - from British V Corps December 1943
4th Indian Infantry Division - from British Eighth Army 9 January 1944; to New Zealand Corps February 1944; to British V Corps March 1944
British 78th Infantry Division - from British V Corps December 1943

⏶ British V Corps

8th Indian Infantry Division
British 78th Infantry Division - to British XIII Corps December 1943
2nd New Zealand Division - from British Eighth Army November 1943; to British XIII Corps December 1943
1st Canadian Infantry Division - from British XIII Corps November 1943; to Canadian I Corps January 1944

3 - Anzio Campaign, US Fifth Army (Clark)
22 January–24 May 1944

⏶ US VI Corps - assaulted Anzio 22 Jan 1944; breakout began 23 May 1944; junction with US II Corps 25 May 1944

British 1st Infantry Division (Penney), arrived Italy 7 December 1943, assaulted Anzio 22 January 1944
US 3rd Infantry Division - assaulted Anzio 22 January 1944; to US II Corps 29 May 1944
US 45th Infantry Division - assaulted Anzio 22 January 1944
US 1st Armored Division - from US II Corps January 1944; arrived Anzio beginning 24 January 1944
British 56th Infantry Division - from British X Corps and to Anzio February 1944; to Egypt for refitting 28 March 1944
British 5th Infantry Division - from British X Corps and to Anzio replacing British 56th Division mid-March 1944; to Palestine for refitting July 1944; to British XXX Corps in NW Europe March 1945
US 34th Infantry Division - from US II Corps 22 February 1944; arrived Anzio beginning 21 March 1944
US 36th Infantry Division - from US II Fifth Army; to US VI Corps and arrived Anzio beginning 22 May 1944

4a - Rome-Arno Campaign - first battle of Monte Cassino, 15th Army Group (Alexander)
17 January–mid-February 1944

◼ US Fifth Army (Clark)
Under direct US Fifth Army control:

US 36th Infantry Division - from US II Corps 26 February 1944

⏶ British X Corps - on US Fifth Army's left wing

British 5th Infantry Division - from British XIII Corps 6 January 1944
British 56th Infantry Division - withdrawn for shipment to Anzio 26 February 1944
British 46th Infantry Division

⏶ US II Corps (Keyes)

US 36th Infantry Division
US 34th Infantry Division - to VI Corps 22 February 1944

⏶ French Expeditionary Corps - on US Fifth Army's right wing beginning 3 January 1944

2nd Moroccan Infantry Division - arrived Italy November 1943; entered combat December 1943
3rd Algerian Infantry Division - arrived Italy December 1943; began relieving US 45th Division 3 January 1944

◼ British Eighth Army (Leese)
British Eighth Army reserve:

4th Indian Infantry Division - to Italy January 1944; to British V Corps 9 January 1944

⏶ British XIII Corps

2nd New Zealand Division - to New Zealand Corps 3 February 1944
8th Indian Infantry Division (Russell), from British V Corps
British 78th Infantry Division (Keightley), from British V Corps

⏶ Canadian I Corps (Crerar), created November 1943, relieved British V Corps in Adriatic coastal area 31 January 1944

1st Canadian Infantry Division (Vokes)
5th Canadian Armored Division, arrived November 1943, to I Canadian Corps 9 February 1944

⏶ British V Corps (Allfrey)

8th Indian Infantry Division (Russell), to British XIII Corps
British 78th Infantry Division (Keightley), from British XIII Corps early 1944?
4th Indian Infantry Division - from British Eighth Army 9 January 1944; to New Zealand Corps 6 February 1944; from New Zealand Corps 26 March 1944

4b - Rome-Arno Campaign, second and third battles of Monte Cassino, 15th Army Group (Alexander)
mid February–March 1944

◼ US Fifth Army (Clark)
Under direct US Fifth Army control:

US 36th Infantry Division - from US II Corps 26 February 1944; withdrew from combat 12 March 1944; to US VI Corps at Anzio 22 May 1944

US 88th Infantry Division - arrived Naples, Italy and to US Fifth Army abt 6 February 1944, to US II Corps 28 February 1944
US 85th Infantry Division - arrived Naples, Italy and to US Fifth Army abt 15 March 1944

⏶ British X Corps - relieved by US II Corps on left and French Expeditionary Corps on right 29 March 1944; released to British Eighth Army 31 March 1944; relieved Polish II Corps 15 April 1944

British 5th Infantry Division - to US VI Corps at Anzio mid-March 1944
British 56th Infantry Division - withdrawn for shipment to Anzio 8 February 1944
British 46th Infantry Division - to Egypt for refitting 16 March 1944

⏶ US II Corps

US 36th Infantry Division - to US Fifth Army 26 February 1944
US 34th Infantry Division - to US VI Corps 22 February 1944
US 88th Infantry Division - from US Fifth Army relieving US 36th Infantry 28 February 1944

⏶ French Expeditionary Corps

2nd Moroccan Infantry Division
3rd Algerian Infantry Division
4th Moroccan Mountain Division - arrived Naples, Italy 18 February 1944

⏶ New Zealand Corps (Freyberg) - created 3 February 1944; relieved US II Corps of responsibility for Cassino offensive operations 12 February 1944; conducted 2nd and 3rd Battles of Monte Cassino; disbanded 26 March 1944

2nd New Zealand Division - from British XIII Corps 3 February 1944; to British X Corps 26 March 1944
4th Indian Infantry Division - from British Eighth Army reserve 6 February 1944; to British V Corps 26 March 1944
British 78th Infantry Division - from British V Corps 18 February 1944; to British XIII Corps 26 March 1944

◼ British Eighth Army (Leese)
British Eighth Army reserve:

4th Indian Infantry Division - to New Zealand Corps 6 February 1944

⏶ British XIII Corps

2nd New Zealand Division - to New Zealand Corps 3 February 1944
8th Indian Infantry Division (Russell), from British V Corps
British 78th Infantry Division (Keightley), from British V Corps
British 6th Armoured Division
British 4th Infantry Division (), arrived from Egypt 21 February 1944

⏶ Canadian I Corps (Crerar until March 1944, then Burns), created November 1943, relieved British V Corps in Adriatic coastal area 31 January 1944

5th Canadian Armored Division, arrived November 1943, to I Canadian Corps 9 February 1944
1st Canadian Infantry Division

⏶ Polish II Corps (Anders), from Egypt February 1944, relieved by British X Corps 15 April 1944, took command of Monte Cassino area from British XIII Corps 27 April 1944

3rd Carpathian Rifle Division (Kopanski, then Duch)
5th Kresowa Infantry Division (Sulik), entered line March 1944

⏶ British V Corps (Allfrey)

8th Indian Infantry Division - to British XIII Corps April 1944
British 78th Infantry Division
10th Indian Infantry Division - arrived Taranto 27–28 March 1944, to British X Corps 3 June 1944

4c - Romo-Arno Campaign - Operation Diadem (includes 4th Battle of Monte Cassino),15th Army Group (Alexander)
11 May–June 1944

◼ US Fifth Army (Clark)
Under direct US Fifth Army control:

US 36th Infantry Division - to US VI Corps 22 May 1944

⏶ US II Corps - US Fifth Army's left wing

US 85th Infantry Division - entered line 10 April 1944 as US II Corp's left wing
US 88th Infantry Division - US II Corps right wing; to US IV Corps 28 May 1944; to US II Corps 1 June 1944

⏶ French Expeditionary Corps - US Fifth Army's right wing

4th Moroccan Mountain Division
3rd Algerian Infantry Division
2nd Moroccan Infantry Division
1st Free French Division - arrived Naples, Italy beginning 20 April 1944

◼ British Eighth Army (Leese)
British Eighth Army reserve:

6th South African Armoured Division - arrived Taranto, Italy 20–21 April 1944; to Canadian I Corps 28 May 1944

⏶ British XIII Corps - left wing of British Eighth Army

8th Indian Infantry Division - from British V Corps April 1944
British 4th Infantry Division - arrived Italy 21 February 1944
British 78th Infantry Division - perhaps initially in reserve
British 6th Armoured Division - arrived Italy from North Africa 18 March 1944; perhaps initially in reserve

⏶ Canadian I Corps - initially behind British XIII Corps; relieved 8th Indian Infantry Division 16 May 1944

1st Canadian Infantry Division
5th Canadian Armoured Division
6th South African Armoured Division (Poole), from British Eighth Army reserve 28 May 1944

⏶ Polish II Corps (Anders)

3rd Carpathian Infantry Division - took Cassino Monastery 18 May 1944
5th Kresowa Infantry Division

⏶ British X Corps

2nd New Zealand Division - from New Zealand Corps 26 March 1944
smaller units

⏶ British V Corps - on the Adriatic in a holding role

4th Indian Infantry Division - from New Zealand Corps 26 March 1944
10th Indian Infantry Division

4d - Rome-Arno Campaign, Rome to the Gothic Line, 15th Army Group (Alexander)
June–9 September 1944

◼ US Fifth Army (Clark)
US Fifth Army Reserve

US Third Infantry Division (O'Daniel), from US II Corps 5 June 1944, to US VI Corps 15 July 1944, landed southern France 15 August 1944

⏶ US IV Corps (Crittenberger), HQ arrived in Italy 28 March 1944

US 36th Infantry Division (Walker), from US VI Corps 11 June 1944, relieved from combat 26 June 1944, to US VI Corps 13 July 1944, landed southern France 15 August 1944
US 34th Infantry Division (Ryder until 21 July 1944, then Bolte), from US VI Corps 26 June 1944 replacing US 36th Infantry Division
US 1st Armored Division (Harmon until 17 July 1944, then Pritchard), from US Fifth Army reserve 16 June 1944
US 88th Infantry Division (Sloan), to US II Corps 25 July 1944
US 91st Infantry Division (Livesay), from US Fifth Army reserve 12 July 1944
South African 6th Armoured Division (Poole), from British XIII Corps 22 August 1944

⏶ French Expeditionary Corps (Juin), relieved 22 July 1944 by extension to the left of British XIII Corps, divisions transitioned to southern France

3rd Algerian Infantry Division (de Monsabert)
2nd Moroccan Infantry Division (Dody)
4th Moroccan Mountain Division (Sevez)

⏶ US II Corps (Keyes), in line on US Fifth Army right wing 25 July 1944

US 85th Infantry Division (Coulter), from US Fifth Army reserve 25 July 1944
US 88th Infantry Division (Sloan), from US IV Corps 25 July 1944
US 91st Infantry Division (Livesay), from US IV Corps 31 July 1944

◼ British Eighth Army (Leese)
Under British Eighth Army control:

South African 6th Armoured Division (Poole), from Canadian I Corps 6 June 1944, to US IV Corps 22 August 1944

⏶ British XIII Corps (Kirkman)

South African 6th Armoured Division (Poole), from British XIII Corps 6 August 1944, to US IV Corps 22 August 1944
British 4th Infantry Division (Ward), to British V Corps 11 August 1944
British 78th Infantry Division (Keightley until August 1944 , then Butterworth), to Egypt for refitting 18 July 1944
British 6th Armoured Division (Evelegh until 24 July 1944, then Templer), August 1944
2nd New Zealand Division (Freyberg), from refitting near Rome 14 July 1944

⏶ British X Corps (McCreery),

British 6th Armoured Divison (Evelegh), to British XIII Corps 29 June 1944
2nd New Zealand Division (Freyberg)
8th Indian Infantry Division (Russell), to British XIII Corps 29 June 1944
10th Indian Infantry Division (Whitehorn), from British V Corps June 1944, to British V Corps September 1944
4th Indian Infantry Divison (Holworthy), from British V Corps 8 July 1944

⏶ British V Corps (Allfrey until 8 August 1944, then Keightley), replaced on Adriatic coast by Polish II Corps June 1944

British 1st Infantry Division (Penney until 14 June 1944, then Loewen), from US VI Corps 1 July 1944
British 46th Infantry Division (Hawkesworth), from refitting in Palestine 3 July 1944
British 4th Infantry Division (Ward), from British XIII Corps 11 August 1944

⏶ Polish II Corps (Anders), to Adriatic coast replacing British V Corps June 1944

Polish 5th Kresowa Infantry Division (Sulik), to Adriatic coast beginning 18 June 1944
Polish 3rd Carpathian Infantry Division (Duch), to Adriatic coast replacing 4th Indian Division 15 June 1944

5 - Northern Apennines Campaign, 15th Army Group (Alexander until 16 Dec, then Clark)
10 September 1944–4 April 1945

◼ US Fifth Army (Clark until 16 December 1944, then Truscott)
US Fifth Army reserve:

US 92nd Infantry Division (Almond), arrived Italy 16 October 1944, to US Fifth Army 4 November 1944, to US IV Corps 25 December 1944, to US Fifth Army 3 April 1945
US 34th Infantry Division (Bolte), to US II Corps 9 September 1944
US 85th Infantry Division (Coulter), from US II Corps 18 March 1945, to US IV Corps 17 April 1945
US 10th Mountain Division (Hays), from US IV Corps 28 April 1945

⏶ US IV Corps (Crittenberger), on Fifth Army left wing

US 1st Armored Division (Pritchard), to US II Corps 7 October 1944, from US II Corps 19 February 1945, to US II Corps 1 April 1945, from US II Corps 5 April 1945
6th South African Armored Division (Poole), from British XIII Corps 22 August 1944, to US II Corps 15 January 1945
US 92nd Infantry Division (Almond), from US Fifth Army reserve 25 December 1944, to US Fifth Army reserve 3 April 1945
1st Brazilian Infantry Division (de Morais), from November 1944
US 10th Mountain Division (Hays), finished arriving in Italy 18 January 1945, to US IV Corps 15 January 1945, to US Fifth Army reserve 28 April 1945
US 85th Infantry Division (Coulter), from US II Corps 20 August 1944, to US II Corps 26 August 1944, from US II Corps 23 November 1944, to US II Corps 8 January 1945, from US Fifth Army reserve 17 April 1945, to US II Corps 30 April 1945
US 34th Infantry Division (Bolte), from US II Corps 23 April 1945

⏶ US II Corps (Keyes)

US 1st Armored Division (Pritchard), from US IV Corps 7 October 1944, to US IV Corps 19 February 1945, from US IV Corps 1 April 1945, to US IV Corps 5 April 1945
US 34th Infantry Division (Bolte), from US Fifth Army reserve 9 September 1944, to US IV Corps 23 April 1945
US 88th Infantry Division (Kendall)
US 91st Infantry Division (Livesay)
US 85th Infantry Division (Coulter), to US IV Corps 20 August 1944, from US IV Corps 26 August 1944, to US IV Corps 23 November 1944, from US IV Corps 8 January 1945, to US Fifth Army reserve 18 March 1945, from US IV Corps 30 April 1945
South African 6th Armoured Division (Poole), from US IV Corps 15 January 1945

⏶ British XIII Corps (Kirkman until 25 January 1945, then Harding)
to right wing of US Fifth Army 17 August 1944, returned to left wing of British Eighth Army 18 January 1945

British 4th Infantry Division (Ward), to British V Corps 11 August 1944
6th South African Armoured Division (Poole), to US IV Corps 22 August 1944
British 6th Armoured Division (Murray), until March 1945
British 1st Infantry Division (Loewen), to Army Group control January 1945, then to Middle East
8th Indian Infantry Division (Russell), replaced 6th South African Armored Division, until March 1945
British 78th Infantry Division (Butterworth until 10 October 1944, then Arbuthnott), to Egypt 18 July 1944, from Egypt 15 September 1944, relieved by 10th Indian Division February 1945, to British V Corps February 1945??
10th Indian Infantry Division (Reid), from February 1945
British 5th Infantry Division (Hall), to Egypt 3 July 1944, from Palestine area January 1945 replacing British 1st Infantry Division, to ETO March 1945

◼ British Eighth Army (Leese until 1 October 1944, then McCreery)
Under British Eighth Army control:
⏶ British XIII Corps - see above
⏶ British X Corps (McCreery until 6 November 1944, then Hawkesworth), corps HQ in Greece December 1944–February 1945

10th Indian Infantry Division (Reid), to British V Corps October 1944

⏶ British V Corps (Keightley)

British 1st Infantry Division (Loewen), from US VI Corps 1 July 1944, to Palestine January 1945
British 4th Infantry Division (Ward), to I Canadian Corps 7 September 1944, returned to British V Corps 1 October 1944, to Greece 12 December 1944
4th Indian Infantry Division (Holworthy), to Greece November 1944
British 46th Infantry Division (Hawkesworth until 16 November 1944, then Weir), to British X Corps 12 December 1944, to Greece 14 January1945
British 56th Infantry Division (Whitfield), from refitting in Egypt July 1944
2nd New Zealand Division (Freyberg), November 1944–14 April 1945
British 4th Infantry Division (Ward), to Canadian 1 Corps 7 September 1944, from Canadian I Corps 1 October 1944, to Greece 12 December 1944
British 1st Armored Division (Hull), until 25 September 1944
10th Indian Infantry Division (Reid), from British X Corps October 1944, to British XIII Corps February 1945
British 78th Infantry Division (Arbuthnott), from British XIII Corps January 1945
8th Indian Infantry Division (Russell), from March 1945
British 6th Armoured Division (Murray), 18–23 April 1945

⏶ Canadian I Corps (Burns until 10 Nov, then Foulkes), departed for ETO February 1945

1st Canadian Infantry Division (Vokes until 1 December 1944, then Foster), to ETO February 1945
5th Canadian Armored Division (Hoffmeister), to ETO February 1945
British 4th Infantry Division (Ward), from British V Corps 7 September 1944, to British V Corps 1 October 1944
2nd New Zealand Division (Freyberg), from British XIII Corps abt September 1944, to , to British V Corps November 1944

⏶ Polish II Corps (Anders)

Polish 5th Kresowa Infantry Division (Sulik)
Polish 3rd Carpathian Infantry Division (Duch)

6 - Po Valley Campaign, aka Operation Grapeshot, 15th Army Group (Clark)
5 April–8 May 1945
(hostilities in Italy ended on 2 May 1945)

◼ US Fifth Army (Truscott)
Under direct US Fifth Army control:

US 92nd Infantry Division (Almond); advanced up the Italian west coast
US 85th Infantry Division (Coulter); to US IV Corps 17 April 1945
US 10th Mountain Division (Hays); from US IV Corps 28 April 1945

⏶ US IV Corps (Crittenberger); on Fifth Army left wing

Brazilian Expeditionary Force (de Morais/Mascarenhas)
US 10th Mountain Division (Hays); to US Fifth Army 28 April 1945
US First Armored Division (Prichard);
US 85th Infantry Division (Coulter); from US Fifth Army 17 April 1945; to US II Corps 30 April 1945

⏶ US II Corps (Keyes); on Fifth Army right wing

South African 6th Armoured Division (Poole); to US Fifth Army 30 April 1945; ended war in Milan
US 88th Infantry Division (Kendall)
US 91st Infantry Division (Livesay)
US 34th Infantry Division (Bolte); to US IV Corps 23 April 1945
US 85th Infantry Division (Coulter); from US IV Corps 30 April 1945

◼ British Eighth Army (McCreery)
Under direct British Eighth Army control:

British 6th Armoured Division (Murray), served with British V Corps
British 46th Infantry Division (Weir); returned to Italy from Greece 11 April 1945; to British V Corps 5 May 1945

⏶ British XIII Corps (Kirkman)