bigpigeon.us webpage  WW II - Germany  >MTO > North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia, updated by RAC1 Oct 2020.

Preliminaries - The Tunisian Campaign began with four salient events in November 1942:
  • After the Operation Torch Allied landings in Morocco and Algeria, the British 1st Army, which included the US II Corps, advanced east from Algeria into northern and central Tunisia.
  • After the British 8th Army victory at El Alamein in northwest Egypt, Rommel's German and Italian army began a long withdrawal west from Egypt across Libya.
  • Meanwhile, Montgomery's 8th Army followed the retreating German and Italian forces.
  • Soon after the 8 November Torch landings, Germany began rushing troops from France and Italy into northern Tunisia, using both sea transport and an airlift.
Tunisian Campaign Overview:
  • From late November 1942 to late February 1943, several Axis attacks countered Allied advances. 
  • Starting in March, repeated Allied successes pushed back Axis forces.
  • In May 1943, a quarter of a million German and Italian troops were trapped and surrendered in extreme northern Tunisia ending the Tunisian Campaign.   
Picture
Tunisia, 1942-43
​A Tunisian Campaign Timeline

Preliminaries:
  • 23 October: Montgomery launches Operation Lightfoot starting the Second Battle of El Alamein in northern Egypt.
  • 5 November: Axis lines at El Alamein broken. Rommel's Axis forces in Egypt begin retreat west towards Tripoli, Libya.
  • 8 November: Operation Torch is launched under overall command of General Eisenhower as Allied forces land in Morocco and Algeria.
Northern Tunisia, November-December 1942:
  • 17 November: British 1st Army (Operation Torch's Eastern Task Force) and Axis meet at Djebel Abiod in Tunisia.
  • 27 November: 1st Army advance halted between Terbourba and Djedeida, 12 miles from Tunis, by Axis counterattack.
  • 10 December: 1st Army front line pushed back to defensive positions east of Medjez el Bab.
  • 22 December: 1st Army starts three-day offensive towards Tebourba which fails.

​Central Tunisia, January-April 1943:
  • 30 January: Axis forces capture Faïd pass in central Tunisia.
  • 14 February: Axis advance from Faïd launches Battle of Sidi Bou Zid against US II Corps.
  • 16 February: Axis enters Sbeita.
  • 19 February: Axis launches Battle of Kasserine Pass.
  • 6 March: General George Patton takes command of II Corps.
  • 8 & 9 April: Battle for Fondouk Pass.
Tunisia, Dawn 14 Feb '43
Tunisia, Dawn 14 Feb '43
The Battle of Sidi Bou Zid

Men from Pottawattamie County and other southwest Iowa counties were heavily involved in combat in Tunisia, especially starting on 14 February 1943 just west of Faid Pass at the Battle of Sidi Bou Zid, the first stage of the Battle of Kasserine Pass. At Sidi Bou Zid, about half of the 168th Infantry Regiment surrendered after being left in an untenable position. Lost were:
  • Regimental headquarters and the 3rd Battalion on Djebel Ksairra.
  • Half of the 2nd Battalion on Djebel Lassouda.  Colonel Bob Moore led half of the 2nd Battalion to safety during the night.
The 1st Battalion was in reserve and survived intact. 
The Battle of Sidi Bou Zid - the First Day
The Battle of Sidi Bou Zid - the First Day
Southern Tunisia, February-April 1943:
  • 4 February: Axis forces in Libya retreat to Tunisian border south of the Mareth Line. (Tripoli, Libya had been captured by the British Eighth Army on 23 January.)
  • 6 March: Axis forces launch Operation Capri against British 8th Army at Medenine but lose 55 tanks. 
  • 16 March: Battle of the Mareth Line begins.
  • 19 March: 8th Army launches Operation Pugilist.
  • 23 March: U.S. II Corps defeats 10th Panzer Division at Battle of El Guettar. Battle of Mareth ends.
  • 26 March: 8th Army launches Operation Supercharge II outflanking and making the Axis position at Mareth untenable. Battle of Tebaga Gap takes place.
  • 6 April: Right wing of British 1st Army links with 8th Army. Battle of Wadi Akarit takes place.
Northern Tunisia, April-May 1943:
  • 1 May: 34th Division capturies Hill 609.
  • 7 May: Allies enter Bizerte and Tunis.
  • 13 May: Axis Powers surrender in Tunisia.
Final Victory in Tunisia
Final Victory in Tunisia
Sources for the Tunisia webpage:
  • ​The page header photo, US POWS in Tunisia, was found at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Kasserine_Pass#/media/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-557-1002-10,_Tunesien,_amerikanische_Kriegsgefangene.jpg.
  • The Tunisia, 1942-43 map was found at Wikimedia Commons and is courtesy of Kirrages.
  • A Tunisian Campaign Timeline is adapted from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_African_campaign_timeline.
  • The Tunisia, Dawn 14 Feb '43 map by Gene Thorp is courtesy of Rick Atkinson's An Army at Dawn.
  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Sidi_Bou_Zid gives a good overview of the Battle of Sidi Bou Zid.
  • The Final Victory in Tunisia map by Gene Thorp is courtesy of Rick Atkinson's An Army at Dawn.
  • The Battle of Sidi Bou Zid map is courtesy of history.army.milStaffRides.
  • For a more-detailed map of the 34th Division's capture of Hill 609, see https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-MTO-NWA/maps/USA-MTO-NWA-XIII.jpg
  • The footnote photo, Col. Moore Comes Home, shows Lt. Col. Robert Moore, former commanding officer of the Second Battalion, 168th Infantry Regiment, returning to Villisca, Iowa in 1943. The photo, by Buddy Bunker of the Omaha World Herald, won a 1944 Pulitzer Prize.

​Pottawattamie County, Iowa Area WW II Dead - Tunisia: 02-01 - North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia: (thirteen dead, updated 22 Jan 2021)
† Ball, John Jesse "Jack", SN 20-706-539, US Army, Pott. Co.
  • Co. L, 168th Inf. Regt., 34th Inf. Div. --> Co. C, 1st Ranger Bn.; KIA 25 Mar 1943 El Guettar, Tunisia, North Africa; Battle of El Guettar - North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia.
† Henderson, Robert William, SN 20-706-543, US Army, Pott. Co.
  • Co. L, 168th Inf. Regt., 34th Inf. Div.; KIA 16 Feb 1943, Djebel Ksaira, SE of Sidi Bou Zid, Tunisia, North Africa; Battle of Sidi Bou Zid, 1st stage of Battle of Kasserine Pass - North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia.
† Kidwell, Harold Eldin, SN 20-706-194, US Army, Mills Co.
  • Co. I (Glenwood), 168th Inf. Regt., 34th Inf. Div.; KIA 4 Apr 1943 near Fondouk, northern Tunisia; North Africa & Sicily  > Tunisia.
† Martin, Clarence Reuben, SN 20-706-198, US Army, Mills Co.
  • Co. I, 168th Inf. --> Co. I, 133rd Inf., both 34th Inf. Div.; KIA 29 Apr 1943, near Hill 609, 20 miles SW of Mateur, northern Tunisia, North Africa; Battle of Hill 609 - North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia.
† Moore, Loyd Harry, SN 20-700-138, US Army, Pott. Co.
  • Hq. Co., 34th Inf. Div.; DNB 14 Jun 1943 Mateur, Tunisia, North Africa, injuries in truck accident; North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia.
† Phillips, George Donald, SN 37-194-330, USAAF, Pott. & Jefferson Cos.
  • 91st Fighter Sqdn., 81st Fighter Gp., 12th AF, based at Monastir Airfield, SE of Sousse, 100 miles S of Tunis, Tunisia; group flying Bell P-39 Airacobras; DNB 11 Jul 1943 in hospital, Sfax, Tunisia, North Africa from rifle bullet in head; North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia.
† Phinney, Russell Dayton Jr., SN 20-704-300, US Army, Pott. Co.
  • 168th Inf. Regt. Band, 34th Inf. Div.; KIA 18 Feb 1943, Djebel Ksaira, SE of Sidi Bou Zid, Tunisia, North Africa;  Battle of Sidi Bou Zid, first phase of Battle of Kasserine Pass - North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia.
† Ratigan, Michael Dennis Jr., SN 37-035-643, US Army, Shelby Co. 
  • 6th Armored Inf. Bn., 1st Armored Div.; KIA 15 Feb 1943 near Sidi Bou Zid, Tunisia, North Africa; Battle of Sidi Bou Zid, first phase of Battle of Kasserine Pass - North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia; BNR.
† Stinn, Richard Theodore, SN 37-037-441, US Army, Shelby Co.
  • HQ Co., 2nd Bn., 135th Inf. Regt., 34th Inf. Div.; DNB 23 Aug 1943 Tunisia, North Africa; shell explosion while training; North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia.
† Storm, Clarence Lamont, SN 20-705-518, US Army, Pott. Co.
  • Co. F, 168th Inf. Regt., 34th Inf. Div.; KIA 1 May 1943 near Hill 609, 20 miles SW of Mateur, northern Tunisia, North Africa; Battle of Hill 609 - North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia.
† Thorne, Chester Oscar, SN 20-706-841, US Army, Montgomery Co.
  • Co. M, 168th Inf. Regt., 34th Inf. Div.; DOW 27 Apr 1943, northern Tunisia, North Africa; accidental gunshot; North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia.
† Waage, Paul Allen, SN 20-704-306, US Army, Pott. Co. & Douglas Co., NE
  • 168th Inf. Regt. Band drummer, 34th Inf. Div.; KIA 17 Feb 1943 Djebel Ksaira, SE of Sidi Bou Zid, Tunisia, North Africa; Battle of Sidi Bou Zid, first stage of Battle of Kasserine Pass - North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia.
† Williams, Dale Withers Jr., SN 17-078-051, US Army, Pott. Co.
  • 1st Armored Regt., 1st Armored Div.; DNB 2 May 1943 near Mateur, northern Tunisia, North Africa; North Africa & Sicily > Tunisia.
Footnote: As I worked on the bigpigeon.us World War II webarea, I was struck by the thought that during this war ordinary men taken from civilian life, such as small-town druggist Bob Moore, were so soon and so often called upon to do extraordinary things.
​ - RAC 1 Aug '19
Colonel Moore Comes Home
Col. Moore Comes Home